Penggunaan Biji Pepaya Sebagai Koagulan Alami Dalam Pengolahan Air Limbah Domestik

Syardah Ugra Al Adawiyah, Faryda Veronica Lamma Koly

Abstract

One of the chemical contaminants in domestic wastewater is phosphate. High phosphate levels in water can cause algae bloom (eutrophication), which leads to a decrease in oxygen concentration in the water body and subsequently results in the death of aquatic organisms. Papaya seeds contain natural polymers in the form of proteins that act as natural polyelectrolytes, helping to reduce chemical contaminants in waste. This study aims to determine the most effective dose of papaya seed coagulant (Carica papaya L.) for lowering phosphate levels, turbidity and pH of domestic wastewater. An experimental method was used with varying sizes and doses of papaya seed coagulant: 70, 80 dan 90 mesh, and doses: 0.5 grams, 1 gram, 1.5 grams, and 2 grams, tested using a jar test. The reduction in phosphate levels in domestic wastewater was measured with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results showed the treatment of domestic wastewater for reducing phosphate levels using papaya seed (Carica papaya L.) coagulant can be achieved by adding 2 grams of coagulant with a particle size of 90 mesh. Under these conditions, the phosphate levels decreased from 2.1529 mg L⁻¹ to 0,1907 mg L⁻¹, with an efficiency of 88.96%. According to the Domestic Wastewater Quality Standard No. 68 of 2016, the maximum allowable phosphate concentration is 0.2 mg L⁻¹, making the research results close to the established standard. Additionally, turbidity decreased from 86.55 NTU to 26.40 NTU, while the pH level increased from 6.5 to 6.9. This study suggests that papaya seeds could be a cost-effective, sustainable alternative for domestic wastewater treatment, especially in reducing phosphate contamination and helping maintain water quality

Keywords

Coagulan, Papaya Seed, Phospate, Wastewater

Full Text:

PDF

References

P. R. Wulandari, “Perencanaan Pengolahan Air Limbah Sistem Terpusat (Studi Kasus di Perumahan PT. Pertamina Unit Pelayanan III Plaju - Sumatera Selatan),” J. Tek. Sipil dan Lingkung., vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 499–509, 2014.

B. Suharto, F. Anugroho, and F. K. Putri, “Penurunan Kadar Fosfat Air Limbah Laundry Menggunakan Kolom Adsorpsi Media Granular Activated Carbon (GAC),” J. Sumberd. Alam dan Lingkung., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 36–46, 2020, doi: 10.21776/ub.jsal.2020.007.01.5.

A. R. Bangun, S. Aminah, R. A. Hutahaean, and M. Y. Ritonga, “Pengaruh Kadar Air, Dosis dan Lama Pengendapan Koagulan Serbuk Biji Kelor Sebagai Alternatif Pengolahan Limbah Cair Industri Tahu,” J. Tek. Kim. USU, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 7–13, 2013, doi: 10.32734/jtk.v2i1.1420.

A. I. Cissouma, F. Tounkara, M. Nikoo, N. Yang, and X. Xu, “Physico Chemical Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Roselle Seed Extracts,” Adv. J. Food Sci. Technol., vol. 5, no. 11, pp. 1483–1489, 2013, doi: 10.19026/ajfst.5.3371.

H. Hendrawati, D. Syamsumarsih, and N. Nurhasni, “Penggunaan Biji Asam Jawa (Tamarindus indica L.) dan Biji Kecipir (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) Sebagai Koagulan Alami Dalam Perbaikan Kualitas Air Tanah,” J. Kim. Val., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 23–34, 2013, doi: 10.15408/jkv.v3i1.326.

D. Y. Lestari, D. Darjati, and M. Marlik, “Penurunan Kadar BOD, COD, dan Total Coliform dengan Penambahan Biokoagulan Biji Pepaya (Carica papaya L) (Studi pada Limbah Cair Domestik Industri Baja di Surabaya Tahun 2020),” J. Kesehat. Lingkung., vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 49–54, 2021, doi: 10.31964/jkl.v18i1.288.

A. J. Chandran and D. George, “Use of Papaya Seed as a Natural Coagulant for Water Purification,” Int. J. Sci. Eng. Res., vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 41–46, 2015.

A. A. Anggorowati, “Serbuk Biji Buah Semangka dan Pepaya Sebagai Koagulan Alami dalam Penjernihan Air,” Cakra Kim. (Indonesian E-Journal Appl. Chem., vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 18–23, 2021.

I. Andriansyah, H. N. M. Wijaya, and P. Purwaniati, “Analisis Adulteran pada Kopi Luwak dengan Metode Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR),” J. Kim. Ris., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 26–38, 2021, doi: 10.20473/jkr.v6i1.23397.

S. M. Khopkar, Konsep Dasar Kimia Analitik. Jakarta: UI Press, 1990.

A. Pratama, I. W. Wardhana, and E. Sutrisno, “Penggunaan Cangkang Udang sebagai Biokoagulan untuk Menurunkan Kadar Tss, Kekeruhan dan Fosfat pada Air Limbah Usaha Laundry,” J. Tek. Lingkung., vol. 5, no. 2, 2016.

N. R. Ningsih, “Efektivitas Biji Melon (Cucumis melo L.) dan Biji Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) Sebagai Koagulan Alami Untuk Menurunkan Parameter Pencemar Air Limbah Industri Tahu,” Skripsi. UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya, 2020.

H. Kristianto, M. A. Kurniawan, and J. N. M. Soetedjo, “Utilization of Papaya Seeds as Natural Coagulant for Synthetic Textile Coloring Agent Wastewater Treatment,” Int. J. Adv. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol., vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 2071–2077, 2018, doi: 10.18517/ijaseit.8.5.3804.

H. Setyawati, M. Kriswantono, D. A. Nisa, and R. Hastuti, “Serbuk Biji Kelor Sebagai Koagulan pada Proses Koagulasi Flokulasi Limbah Cair Pabrik Tahu,” Ind. Inov. J. Tek. Ind., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 1–6, 2017.

S. E. Elpani, M. J. Gunawan, E. Aviventi, and R. A. Sabila, “Utilization of Natural Coagulant Substance (Tamarind and Winged Bean Seed) on The Quality of Tofu Wastewater in Muntilan, Magelang,” Indones. J. Chem. Environ., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 25–32, 2020, doi: 10.21831/ijce.v2i1.30294.

H. Setyawati, S. T. Salamia, and S. A. Sari, “Penerapan Penggunaan Serbuk Biji Kelor Sebagai Koagulan pada Proses Koagulasi Flokulasi Limbah Cair Pabrik Tahu di Sentra Industri Tahu Kota Malang,” Ind. Inov. J. Tek. Ind., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 21–31, 2018, doi: 10.36040/industri.v8i1.669.

S. Sudarmadji, B. Haryono, and S. Suhardi, Analisa Bahan Makanan dan Pertanian. Yogyakarta: Liberty, 2003.

J.-Å. Persson, Handbook for Kjeldahl Digestion. Denmark: FOSS, 2008.

A. Andre, I. W. Wardana, and E. Sutrisno, “Penggunaan Tepung Biji Asam Jawa (Tamarindus Indica) Sebagai Biokoagulan untuk Menurunkan Kadar Fosfat dan COD pada Air Limbah Usaha Laundry,” J. Tek. Lingkung., vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 1–5, 2015.

P.Deepthi, C. Sarala, and K. Mukkanti, “Application of Natural Adsorbents for Wastewater Treatment,” Int. J. Res., vol. 2, no. 7, pp. 556–561, 2015.

S. Elpani, M. Gunawan, E. Aviventi, and R. Sabila, “Utilization of Natural Coagulant Substance (Tamarind and Winged Bean Seed) on the Quality of Tofu Wastewater in Muntilan, Magelang,” Indones. Journla Chem. Environ., p. 2, 2020.

N. Ngadi and N. A. Yusoff, “Treatment of Textile Wastewater Using Biodegradable Flocculants of Chitosan and Extracted Pandan Leaves,” J. Teknol., vol. 64, no. 1, pp. 1–7, 2013, doi: 10.11113/jt.v64.1647.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.52759/reactor.v5i2.155

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.